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Osseous Repair of The Fractured Mandibular Condyle in Children

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Abstract

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INTRODUCTION
Fractures of the condyle account for between 25% and 35% of all mandibular
fractures in reported series. Hall et al.. reviewed 2194 maxillofacial injuries and 983
fractures of the facial bones were sustained, of which 242(24.6%) occurred in the
mandible. 98(40.5%) of the mandibular fractures affected the condyle, 22(22.4%) of which
were located in the condylar head and 76(77.6%) were subcondylar fractures.
Final diagnosis of condylar fractures depends on proper clinical and radiologic findings.
Mac Lenann made the simple and practical classification of condylar fracture patterns
and he divided his classification into four main categories. The terms no displacement,
fracture deviation, fracture displacement and fracture dislocation are used.
The topic of condylar injury has generated more discussion and controversy than any
other in the field of maxillofacial trauma, because the basic mechanisms of repair of the
condyle after injury have not been fully appreciated. This has resulted in the evolution
of three principal shoots of treatment, namely, conservative, relying on rest and
immobilization ; functional, where the accent is on active movement as an aid to
restitution; and surgical, where operative reduction is the objective.1 There is the
fundamentally different repair potential between the adult, where remodeling after
fracture is confined to an adjusting role, and the child, where restitutional changes of a
very major degree can occur.1 Condylar fractures in children, not associated with other
fractures of the mandible, constitute a unique situation. This is, perhaps, the only
skeletal fracture in which no attempt to regain anatomic reduction is necessary. The
purpose of this study is to evaluate radiologically the healing process that can take
place in the fractured mandibular condyles of the growing children.

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